Personal Health Record

Symptoms of cervical cancer can not always be seen clearly, even there is the possibility of symptoms do not appear at all. Often, the appearance of symptoms occurs when the cancer has entered the late stages. Therefore, regular pap smears are essential to 'capture' pre-cancerous cells and prevent the development of cervical cancer.

Bleeding In Vagina

Unusual bleeding from the vagina, including spots is a common symptom of cervical cancer. Bleeding usually occurs after sex, outside of menstruation, or after menopause. Immediately see a doctor to check if an abnormal bleeding occurs more than once.

Other Symptoms That May Come Up

In addition to abnormal bleeding, other symptoms that may arise are:

Symptoms In End Stage Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer in the late stages will spread outward from the cervix to the tissues and organs around it. At this stage, the symptoms will be different, among others:

If you experience symptoms as mentioned above, you should see your doctor immediately. Especially about abnormal bleeding in the vagina that can be caused by many things. But, these symptoms should be examined by the doctor to understand the cause.

Cervical cancer is a cancer that appears in the cervix of women. The cervix itself serves as the entrance to the uterus from the vagina. All women of all ages are at risk for cervical cancer. But, this disease tends to affect women who are sexually active.

In the early stages, cervical cancer usually has no symptoms. The most common symptoms of cervical cancer are vaginal bleeding that occurs after sex, outside of menstruation, or after menopause. Although there is bleeding, does not mean you have cervical cancer. To ascertain the cause of your condition, immediately ask your doctor. If cervical cancer is suspected, referral to a specialist will be given.

Patients with Cervical Cancer

By 2014, the WHO says there are more than 92,000 cases of deaths in female population due to cancer. 10.3 percent is the number of deaths from cervical cancer. While the number of new cases of cervical cancer amounted to almost 21 thousand.

From 2000 to 2012, the younger age of women affected by cervical cancer, the age range 21-22 years in 2000 and reaching the age of under 20 years in 2012. WHO study reveals the lack of cancer screening measures in Indonesia. Especially for cervical cancer screening, cervical cytology and acetic acid reviews, are not generally available in primary health centers by 2014. This contributes to the high number of cervical cancer deaths in Indonesia, which is largely due to delays in diagnosis. Usually, the cancer has spread to other organs in the body when a person checks his condition. This is why the treatment is becoming increasingly difficult.

Human Papillomavirus as the Main Cause of Cervical Cancer

Almost all cases of cervical cancer are caused by human papillomavirus or HPV. HPV is a collection of virus types that cause warts in the hands, feet, and genitals. There are many types of HPV, most of which are harmless viruses. But there are several types of HPV that interfere with cervical cells to function normally and can eventually trigger cancer. HPV is very commonly transmitted through sex and can be a cause of cervical cancer .

Of the many types of HPV, there are two types of HPV virus is the most dangerous, namely HPV 16 and HPV 18. Both types of this virus that causes 70 percent of cases of cervical cancer. Many women are unaware of being infected, because this type of HPV does not cause symptoms. It is important to realize that this infection often occurs, although many infected women do not have cancer.

Condoms can protect you from HPV during sex, but not always perfect in preventing infection. When infected with HPV, the female immune system prevents the virus from injuring the uterus, but in some women, the HPV virus can last for years. This results in cells that are on the surface of the cervix turned into cancer cells.

Vaccines to prevent HPV infection at risk of causing cancer are readily available. Current HPV vaccination is a bivalent vaccine for HPV 16 and 18; quadrivalent vaccine for HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18; or nonavalent vaccine for 9 HPV types ie 4 types plus 31,33, 45, 52, and 58.

The Importance of Screening Steps for Detecting Cervical Cancer

For years, cells on the surface of the cervix have undergone many changes. These cells can slowly turn into cancer, but actually cell changes in the cervix can be detected early on. Treatment when the cells are still in the pre-cancer stage can be done so that the risk of cervical cancer can be reduced.

Screening for cervical cancer is also known as pap smear or smear test. Pap smears are useful for detecting if there are abnormal cells that potentially turn into cancer cells. When performing pap smears, cell samples are taken from the cervix and examined under a microscope .

Cervical screening is not a test for diagnosing cervical cancer . This test is useful to check the health of cells in the cervix and to detect if any cells are abnormal. With the detection and removal of abnormal cells, cervical cancer can be prevented optimally. In most women, the test will show normal results. But about 5 percent of tests show abnormal changes in cervical cells.

These changes mostly do not lead to cancer, and abnormal cells may still return to normal by themselves. But, in some cases, cells that are abnormal need to be removed because of the potential to turn into cancer.

An abnormal smear test result does not mean a person has cervical cancer. Most abnormal results are caused by infection or the presence of cancer-risk cells that can be handled easily. It is recommended that women who are sexually active and aged 25-49 years are examined every three years. While women aged 50-64 years can be checked every five years. Call your doctor to find out more about this checkup.

Stadium Level Determines Cervical Cancer Treatment

Treatment of cervical cancer depends on several factors. Cervical cancer can be treated by surgery if the diagnosis is done at an early stage. In some cases, only the cervix is ​​removed and the uterus can be left alone. In more serious conditions, the uterus needs to be completely removed. The surgical process for removal of the uterus is called a hysterectomy.

While the radiotherapy procedure is an alternative step for early stage cervical cancer. In certain cases, radiotherapy can also be run side by side with surgery. For advanced cases of cervical cancer, usually treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Some treatments can have severe and long-term side effects, including early menopause and sterility.

Complications Due to Cervical Cancer

Complications often occur in women with cervical cancer. Complications can arise as a direct result of cancer or the side effects of the treatment performed. For example because of radiotherapy, surgery, or chemotherapy. Complications of cervical cancer are:

Life Expectancy of Cervical Cancer Patients

The future of cervical cancer is determined by the diagnosis of the stage of cervical cancer received. Stage of gradual cervical cancer from one to four, where it describes the extent and development of cancer. The survival rate is at least five years after the diagnosis of cervical cancer, grouped into staging status:

There is no one special way to prevent cervical cancer . But there are still some ways to reduce the risk of this cancer.

Cancer is a disease caused by a single cell that grows abnormally and uncontrollably so it can become a malignant tumor that can destroy and damage healthy cells or tissues. Cancer is one type of disease that is feared by many people so it's good we prevent cancer than to treat it. In this paper will be given further explanation about cancer. 

A. Preferred Things Cancer / Cancer Foods 

Cancer will grow and flourish when getting the intake of substances obtained from food or activities such as the following: 

1. Too much coffee, chocolate and tea that has a high caffeine content. High-caffeine drinks can be replaced by drinking green tea that fight cancer or drinking water / mineral water only. 

2. The sweet-like sugars and artificial sweeteners favored by cancer and can damage the health if consumed not in accordance with the limitations. Should in everyday life do not have much consumption of foods and beverages containing sugar. Sugar can be replaced with pure honey or molasses. 

3. Avoid using table salt for our food and drinks and should just use sea salt and make sure sea salt that we use contain iodine and clean and hygienic has a good quality. 

4. Be careful with drinking animal milk that can produce mukus substances are very liked cancer so it would be nice to replace the consumption of animal milk with vegetable milk derived from plants such as soy milk. Although it may taste for you not delicious, but soy milk is very rich in nutritional nutrients for our bodies. 

5. For those of you who like to eat red meat should begin to be limited because it contains a high enough acid levels are highly favored by cancer cells. Sometimes the meat we consume can also contain harmful things such as extra hormones, antibiotic residues, parasites and so on that harm our body's health. 

B. Tips on How To Avoid Cancer Attacks And Fight Cancer 

The following general tips are difficult and tough to run completely because of the environmental conditions around us and our emotions are less supportive to be cancer-free. The organization.org site will try to explain to you. 

1. Avoid stress, sadness, pessimism, depression, and others that are negative and change your mental concepts to be positive as stress free, optimistic, happy, proactive, and others. Negative inner brushes can increase the body's preferred acid levels of cancer. 

2. Run a healthy diet plan by maintaining ideal body weight where there is a match between weight and height. If you need to live just a vegetarian diet is a diet that relies on the intake of natural vegetable nutrition such as nuts, grains, vegetables and fruits. 

3. Pay attention to the foods we eat and the drinks we drink every day. High fiber beverage foods, containing green vegetables, free of chemicals and little animal fat will help us to eradicate and prevent cancer cells that endanger us. 

4. Foods that are processed by burned and smoked contain many free radical substances that trigger cancer. Should multiply process the food by boiling. For vegetables should not be cooked for too long so that the nutrient content is not much damaged by hot temperatures. 

5. Limit the use of sugar and salt in our food and drink because basically something excessive is not good. Change our tastes from tasteless / tasteless, salty and sweet to bitter and sour. Do not mix too much chemicals in our food. 

6. Consume substances that are able to prevent or fight cancer is good for our bodies such as vitamin A, Vitamin C, green tea, and others that contain antioxidants. Too many vitamins and other substances are not good for our body, so we must continue to pay attention to the limitations of our nutrient content so as not to lack or excess. 

7. Change our lifestyle for the better by not using drugs, not smoking, not drinking alcoholic beverages that damage health. Replace the bad habits with the good like eating fresh vegetables or fruit and clean. 

8. With regular exercise, our body will be rich in oxygen which is very unlikely cancer because cancer is very fond of the host that is not much oxygen. 

9. Maintain our environmental conditions from cancer-causing problems such as polluted air pollution can accumulate free radicals such as smoke and dust. Other pollution can also make us stress that also trigger the growth of cancer cells. 

So many posts about this cancer I make and apologize if many shortcomings. Please add through our comment feature you want to add. thanks.

On the off chance that you have coronary illness, you are emphatically urged to enhance your way of life, for example, keeping up your eating routine and working out, taking pharmaceutical frequently, and stopping smoking. Coronary illness can not be cured, but rather can be kept from declining. 

More obtrusive dealing with, for example, surgery will be prudent if coronary illness exacerbates to upset the personal satisfaction. 

Enhancing Lifestyle 

By enhancing the example of life, individuals can maintain a strategic distance from the danger of manifestations of coronary illness. Changing way of life should be possible with basic strides, for instance: 

Restorative Treatment Steps 

Enhancing way of life alone is in some cases insufficient to manage coronary illness. Along these lines, specialists likewise normally prescribe the utilization of medications or surgical methods to conquer this malady. 

This medication serves to bring down cholesterol levels in the body with the goal that it can moderate the movement of coronary illness. A few sorts of statins that specialists frequently give are simvastatin , pravastatin and atorvastatin . 

This medication is taken to avoid blood clusters by weakening blood. This can lessen the danger of heart assault. Ordinarily utilized antiplatelet sorts incorporate low-dosage headache medicine, clopidogrel , ticagrelor , and prasugrel . 

On the off chance that you are experiencing hypertension and/or diabetes , it is critical that you control the improvement of these illnesses. Ensure your hostile to hypertensive meds and diabetes meds are fitting and bring compelling outcomes. If not, see a specialist to locate a more appropriate treatment. Keep in mind that a sound way of life additionally assumes an essential part in the treatment of the two maladies. A few cases of such medications include: 

By taking this medication, the rate of heart rate will reduction and blood stream will turn out to be all the more easily. It will influence the heart to load is decreased with the goal that angina assaults can be dodged. The sorts of beta-blocking drugs incorporate atenolol , bisoprolol , metoprolol , and propranolol . 

Calcium channel blockers influence the vein to divider expand with the goal that circulatory strain can go down. The sorts of calcium channel inhibitors incorporate amlodipine, verapamil, and dementiazem.

The way nitrate works is like how calcium channel blockers function. This medication serves to widen the vein measurement in order to encourage blood stream to the heart and assuage angina assaults. Nitrate can bring down pulse and alleviate torment in the chest. The execution of this medication is short and some are moderate. Nitrate isn't just accessible in tablet shape, yet additionally accessible in splash, gel, or fix. Glyceryl trinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate are regularly utilized nitrate drugs. 

For individuals with coronary illness who can not take beta-blocking drugs (for instance, since they have lung contaminations) , these medications are frequently given by specialists. Ivabradine diminishes the weight of the heart by backing off its heartbeat rate. 

This medication can be utilized as a substitute for calcium channel inhibitors in view of a similar capacity. Nicorandil quickens blood stream to the heart by augmenting the width of the veins. 

This medication works by influencing the heart to muscle more casual, yet does not influence the rate of heart rate or veins. Subsequently, ranolazine is most appropriate for individuals with heart disappointment or individuals with strange heart rhythms. 

These medications can hinder the movement of the hormone angontensin that makes veins limit. Notwithstanding ordinarily used to treat hypertension, this medication can likewise decrease the execution of the heart and encourage the stream of blood all through the body. 

This medication can build the overabundance water and salt from the body through the pee. 

Dealing with Through Operation 

On the off chance that the medication is ineffectual so as to defeat the side effects of angina that you are encountering, the specialist will prompt the surgical methodology. Notwithstanding angina, this surgery is likewise performed on patients who have shown some kindness assault. 

This operation plans to augment the limited heart conduits. This method is finished by embeddings a little inflatable outwardly of the conduit to dispose of the greasy tissue that limits the courses. Along these lines, the blood stream can wind up noticeably smooth. After that the ring ( stent ) is introduced in the corridor so as not to limit once more. 

These surgical strategies incorporate planting veins from different appendages to open new courses for blood stream to the heart with the goal that sufficient blood supply. Diabetics, elderly patients and those with more than two vein narrowing are prescribed to experience CABG as opposed to PCI. 

This activity will be done if the heart condition is extremely serious and the medication can not tackle the issue. Heart transplantation is finished by supplanting the harmed heart with a sound heart from the benefactor.

Prevention Of Heart Disease

Coronary heart disease can be prevented. Coronary heart disease can be prevented Here are some simple precautions you can take:

• Quit smoking.
• Apply a healthy lifestyle, such as exercising regularly (at least 2-3 hours a week) and maintaining a diet (such as eating more fruits, vegetables and eating less bersantan). In addition, keep your weight balanced and reduce alcohol consumption.
• Controlling high blood pressure, for example by eating foods low in salt and antihypertensive drugs on a regular basis.
• Controlling blood sugar levels, for example by limiting the consumption of sweet foods and monitoring the development of diabetes.
• Maintain cholesterol levels, especially for people over the age of 40 years. This step can be done by avoiding fatty foods such as rendang, chicken opor, or fried foods.

Especially for people with angina , precautions also need to be done to avoid heart attacks and complications. Therefore, they are encouraged to take medicines given by doctors regularly and accordingly dose.

As a first step in diagnosis, doctors will usually ask about symptoms, lifestyle, family health history, and check your cholesterol levels. If your doctor suspects you have heart disease, there are some checks you will undergo to confirm the diagnosis as described below.

Blood Test

There are two types of blood tests that are generally performed, namely the test cholesterol levels in the blood and the examination of cardiac enzymes. In the cholesterol test, you will be asked to fast at least 12 hours before the examination so that the results obtained more accurate.

As a complement to checking cholesterol levels, a series of blood tests are also required to monitor the work of the heart, including the examination of cardiac enzymes to see any damage to the muscles of the organ.

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

The electrical activity of the heart muscle can be checked through an electrocardiogram (EKG). But this examination alone is not enough to determine whether you have heart disease or not. Abnormal EKG results may indicate that the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen.

In addition to sleeping position, an ECG examination is also done when the patient's heart is triggered by running on the treadmill . This test is called a stress test exercise or a treadmill test or pedal a static bike. Â This check is important for detecting symptoms of angina .

Echocardiogram Examination

An examination similar to ultrasound is used to look at the structure, thickness and motion of each heartbeat to form a detailed heart image. This test also checks the heart's performance level.

X-Ray Inspection

The doctor may suggest a chest X-ray examination to see the condition of the heart, lungs, and chest wall in general. In this examination, will be seen when the heart is enlarged, or if there is accumulation of fluid in the lungs. This examination can also be used to rule out other possible illnesses.

Coronary angiography or cardiac catheterization

This examination is carried out with the application of local anesthesia. Cardiac catheterization procedures include:

The purpose of this coronary angiography procedure is to examine the presence and severity of the narrowing within the heart's blood vessels and to examine the pressure inside the heart chambers.

CT and MRI scan

Both of these tests can also be performed to see more detailed conditions in the heart structure that may not appear on X-Ray examination.

The main cause of coronary heart disease is the accumulation of fat in the artery (arteroma) in the artery or medical term is called atherosclerosis. Arteromas consist of cholesterol and other waste matter. In addition to reducing blood supply to the heart, atherosclerosis can also trigger the formation of thrombosis or blood clots. This blood clot blocks the blood supply to the heart so the risk of suffering a heart attack is higher. There are several factors that can increase the risk of heart disease, namely:

Smoking habit

Smokers have a higher risk of developing heart disease. Carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke and nicotine content in cigarettes can increase the risk of blood clots and spur the heart to work faster and burden the heart. Other chemical compounds from cigarette smoke can also damage the walls of the heart arteries that will trigger the occurrence of narrowing. Smokers have a 24 percent higher risk of heart disease than those who do not smoke at all.

Bad Pattern of Life

The risk of heart disease can also increase due to unhealthy lifestyles. For example, lack of exercise, frequent eating fatty foods, and rarely eat fruits and vegetables.

High Cholesterol Levels

Cholesterol is divided into two types, namely good cholesterol (HDL) and bad cholesterol (LDL). Bad cholesterol easily clumps and attaches to the blood vessel wall. Therefore, high LDL levels can form plaques that cause atherosclerosis. Normal levels of LDL in the blood are below 3 mmol / L or 115 mg / dl for adults and 2 mmol / L or 77mg / dl for people at high risk.

Hypertension

You will be considered hypertensive or high blood pressure if your blood pressure is above 140/90 mmHg. While the normal average blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. High blood pressure means the heart works harder so that the heart and blood vessels will be more burdened. One of the factors that triggers hypertension is the consumption of foods with high salt levels.

Diabetes Disease

Diabetes can cause thickening of blood vessel walls, potentially inhibiting blood flow. Therefore, diabetics have a higher risk for heart disease.

Overweight

People who are overweight or obese have the potential for high blood pressure, tend to have higher cholesterol levels, and more at risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, they also have a higher risk for heart disease.

Age factor

The older the age of a person, the higher the risk for heart disease. This is because the blood vessels, especially the arteries will tend to be more rigid and lose their elastic power with age.

Gender

In general, coronary heart disease affects more men than women. However, over the age of 50 years, men and women have the same risk for this disease.

Family Health History

If you have a nuclear family such as your father, mother, sister, or older brother with heart disease, your risk for heart disease will be higher than that of people with no history of heart disease in their family

Coronary heart disease is divided into two types that are categorized by the level of blockage of blood flow to the heart. Both types include:

Angina

This condition is also known as wind sitting in Indonesia. Angina is a chest pain that arises due to reduced blood supply to the heart muscle due to constriction of blood vessels. A person suffering from angina is at higher risk for heart attacks than those who do not suffer from angina.

These attacks usually last a few minutes and are triggered by physical activity or stress. The types of illness vary. Some feel spread around the chest, heavy as crushed, or tightness. In addition to chest pain, one can also feel shortness of breath, nausea , fatigue, dizziness and anxiety when angina attacks.

Angina can be grouped into two types, namely stable angina and unstable angina.

Stable angina is a type of angina attack that occurs when the heart is required to work harder, for example during heavy activity. This attack can be treated with medication and rest. Stable angina attacks are not life-threatening, but they must be wary of them.

While unstable angina is an attack of angina that attacks suddenly and without obvious cause. This attack can take place even if the patient is relaxed or rested and can not always be treated with medication.

Unstable angina attacks require emergency medical treatment because it indicates that patients experience heart function that decreases dramatically. If after a second dose of angina medicine chest still hurts, immediately go to the nearest hospital.

Heart attack

Heart attacks occur when blood flow to the heart is completely blocked. Symptoms can be diverse, but the pain of a heart attack is similar to that of angina, but it is often more severe.

Medical treatment within minutes is necessary because these attacks can damage the heart muscle permanently.

Some of the symptoms of heart attack are severe chest pain, difficulty breathing, feeling weak, dizzy, and panic. The chest pain can also spread to the neck to the jaw, to the left arm, and to the back.

But keep in mind that not all heart attack patients experience severe chest pain. Indication of heart attack is not determined by the severity of chest pain, but rather from a combination of perceived symptoms.

Untreated heart disease will lead to deadly complications. When not receiving the blood supply to be too weak to pump blood, the heart's performance will decrease. This condition is called heart failure . These complications can occur suddenly or gradually. Given the condition of heart failure, other organs such as the kidneys and lungs will also be affected over time.